Machine



(No-Model.) 5 Sheets- Sheet 1. L. G. GROWELL. FOLDING MACHINE Patehted Dec;

(Np Model.) 5 sheets-She na. L. 0f OROWELL.

FOLDING MACHINE Patented Dec. 1, 1885.-

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I. C. Crows-CL,

L; 0. CROWELL... FOLDING MACHINE.

5 SheetsSheet 3.

(No Model.)

Patented 1360.1, 1885.

- jnveTr/itcv I. 0. CTopveLL,

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.,

L. G. GROWELL.

I FOLDING MACHINE. No. 331.280. Patented 1300.21, 1885 (No Model.) 5 Sheets8heet 5. L. C. CROWELL. FOLDING MACHINE.

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App iontion filed To all whom it'may concern: 7v toathe I Be it known that I, LUTHER G. CROWELI a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Brooklyn conntyof Kings. and State of New York, have invented certainnew and: useful Improvements. v in Folding-Machines, fully described and represented in the follow ing speeifieation-and the aeeompany ing.draw, .ings', formingapart of-the same.

In said'drawings, Figure]. represents a front elevation, and Fig. 2 a side elevation, .of one embodiment of theinvention,thefolder being: especially adapted to operate upon ma terial in web 7 form.'-- Fig. .firepresents the r 5 folded material :13 it appearswhen entonthe. linen, and Fig. 4-the same asitappearswhen. cut onthe line 3: of.- Fig. 2; -Fig.-;5'is a-perspective view representing the "material asiit': appears while passing from the primary to the secondary devices of the :folder; Fignfi' represents a front elevaticn-,-and Fig;- 76a side elevation, of the same. folder when supplied with threadingtapes. Fig. 8 is aaperspective 2 view of the folder." one ofthethreading-tape's being omitted. Fig. 9 represents 'azfrontele 1 vation, and Fig. 13.2. side :ele'vatiom of the folder-snpplied' witnwtapeqto adapt it to operate'npon material in the formof'short-deiached'sheets. Fig. 3.1 isa sectiou thereof on' the line of Fig; 9, and Fig. 12 is asectionah elevation onthe line moi Fign10. Figi13 represents a frontelevation,= and Fig. 144: side elevation, ofthe folder when composed 1- of bars and plates or-ofskeleton'form. l The present improvements relateto'that class of folding mechanisms which operate to impart a. longitndinel fold to material passed; through them on; the run, and more particnlarly to such as consist of an internel'gnide" or former having angular gniding-surfaces and' co;ope rating externaltnrhers, bypassingbetween which the material has its sides gradn ally carried toward 'eaeh'other and finally lapped'tog'ether, so 'as' to bedonbledor folded longitudinally.

In the opera materialon the run line) "it will he ,nnders sides of the material will'haveto be gnid 50 toward each other in a direction at an angle portstion of folding pnper or other ay, 9 "c n tood that the'opgosite" folding operation, thns guided haveit to CMISBf lihQ-MJQIDBQ their leading ed folded together; a Inl'the folders prodncing :,-th xternalgnide h turning-edges a: commompoint; said'p line of therlongitn or turning-e seminth r. fink all': cases* hn tend the paperi iarfd en ppoi- -;=.nearly.thewery linemfi fo of theex ternal terriers;

to 1 form with degreesyzbnt agn'pon z t he 1 paper in? t that is, to; press the "l the foldin'gm .said toaoperatejofehan'g togethen and cause the. thesamedireetion oftrave'l In thns foldingthe mate" oint: mnst 'be rormingp int; (specie;

folder with' g relation? we n m 3 ed" thus inetirriiig''-'tildes; o

expense.

Assmmz BI not FK; Y 1

p rt terial for a: distance eqll.

din

i directions ottra'veljtha'lt-fo I '(the'folding-pbint, nmmunamererorww ean of the material; vvhieh th ency to break or 'hnekle a Inortlerfito'aceomplis ingot aghighrste oi or wrinkling 'the niater win s i .were:s eer midi-that e" l lcngitli'diil as beenufsonfomie on-siders'dppdrts: oiivergingato n t int ide-temniiiin alifol e 'l lieseside' n, dges afe'so d ngl 1nfizva;

'seiir e'd fb sitsg aiiist th iteti wh n w st he opposite diret tiieEcoinmo pen: enee {of all that portion of t ehangin'g itsw'lireetion fro folded -'condition which: p K

Sim m diid sewerag The object of the present invention is to accomplish the longitudinal folding of fabrics n the run by'menns'ofginternalguides and" co-operating external turners, which may be rapidly made and quickly adjusted in working order without necessitating great accuracy of construction, nicety, of adjustment, or any considerable expense. a r

Stated broadly, the invention may .be said wise) are parallel or substantiallyparallel .without being '-brought into contact. This causes the central part of the material (or that portion connecting said sides at right angles" to the line of their parallelism) to lie or be bentsubstantially at a right angle to said sides, and it is the distending or bringing of this central portion into alignment with the said side portions, and at the same time bringing theside port-ions together, whereby the folding is completed, that constitutes the second part of the operation. In thissecond part of the operation the leading edge of the material is directed onward from the devices which perform'the first part to the fold-laying device, at the proper angles to ultimatelylay the sides of the material together or bring them into folded contact. It is to be understood that by this method of operation the devices which perform the first part are designed not only to so deflect the sides of the material as ,to bring the major portions of them into position parallel with each other, but to externally maintain or support their greatest widthwise portion while they are being lapped together or brought into contact to complete the folding operation by the devices of the second part. This widthwise support for the greater portionof the sides is afforded by the tumors thatbear externally upon said sides in a direction parallel to each other and approximately at right,

angles to the direction at which the material leaves them; but the central portion of the material connecting the sides has no widthwise support beyond the point lying between said external turners, (or devices of the first part,) as it is last supported on the line between said turners, where it leaves the interm1 guide in changing itsplane of travel in being transformed from'a flat to a folded condition, which line-of support is a transverse or widthwise bearing or guide aflorded by the' internal guide and equal in length to dimensions slightly less than the space between the external turners. It will now be understood that during this last part of the operation the formingof the line of ldngitudinal folding may beaided by a metallic creasing-edge when a two or three ply fabric is being manipulated.

However, as the secondary or fold-laying devicesimply presses the sides of the material together, and its line of contact upon the material widthwise is parallel with that of the external turners of the primary devices, the creasingedge will simply act to guide or bend outward the slack portion of the material wheneversuch slack is produced by the sides-being brought into contact in passing from the external turners to the said fold-laying or secondary device. In thus acting upon the material it will be found that itswidth wise support by the external turners is suflicient to resist any pressure the'creasing-edge may exert, and hence will prevent the latter from rupturing or distorting the material being folded. In practice, however, it will be found that the elasticity of single-ply materialissufiicientto enable the accomplishment of the folding operation with out the aid of a creasing-edge." Thus when the sides of the material have been brought together-and the'line of foldonceformed, the whole tendency of that part-of the material that extends from the point of said fold back to the transverse line of support which the central part of the material has between the external turners will be to bend or turn outward, and hence will naturally take the course that most perfectly gconduces to the smooth formation of the creased line of fold. It will also be found in practicethat any uneven strain which may have been caused"(by reason of any slight inaccuracy of adjustment) to either. side of the material in its p e through the primary devices, whereby its major portion is conformed or converted from a single plane to two parallel planes widthwise, will be compensated for in the central portion of the material, which will adjust itself evenly and without causing wrinkles or other distortion when free from contact withguides. as it is while passing from the primary to the secondary devices.

Other featuresof the invention will befound in the combination, with the internal guide and external turners, of a fold-laying device; also, a fold-creasing device interposed between the former and the latter.

The invention also includes a construction of'theinterna'lguide, whereby it is provided with acontinuous surface between its guidingedges and also beyond them.

It also consists in the combinatiomwith the continuous-surfaced internal guide, of carrying tapes, whereby the leading in or threading of the end of a web is efi'ected.

The invention comprehends the combination, with the internal guide, of carrying-tapes, whereby the folder is best adapted to the manipulation of detached sheets.

The in'vention also includes the combinations of parts, hereinafter tdo fullyset forth to need preliminary description.

Referring now to the drawings for an undrstanding of the many embodiments of the invention embraced herein, and first considerihg the simpler or continuous-surface form surface or edge 81, 49

' together,

sound of the internal guide shown in Figs. 1 and 2, it will be found that the primary part of the folder, or what has been termed'the internal guide or conformator, is provided .with two. guiding or supporting edges orsurfaces, 21 41, that are diametrically opposed, but extend forward in v converging directions. Instead of meeting at a common point,as in former constructions, they terminate a considerable distance apart, and areunited trans 'versely by a guiding-surface, 81. The guiding surfaces or edges 21 41 support, respect.- -ively, the major part of each side of the material undergoing folding, while the guidingsurface 81 supports the central portion,or that part connecting the sides. These converging angular guiding surfaces or' edges.2l 41 form the gnidingedges or surfaces over which the material is bent to bring its sides toward each dther or into a condition of parallelism,whereby the greater portion pf their diversioufrom one plane into parallel positions, considered widthwise, 's accomplished, and their further mutual approach to a condition of contact necessary in folding may be most readily efieeted, and the transverse. gnidin -sur face 81 acts as the support for the cent portion of the material that forms in the primary part of the folder the small widthwise portion that has ultimately to be changed in its position to complete the folding. The external tumors, 22 44, are of the same general. structure as in former constructions; but in-.

stead of being placed in such relation to the internal guide as to complete the folding op eration in connection with it, theyare' set a distance apart with their centers opposite, or nearly so,to the line of the transverse guiding and therefore operate with the internal guide only to perform what has been described as the primary orjirst part of the folding operation-that is, conform the material into the shape shown by the diagram of Fig. 3.

The'fold-laying' device is shown as consistirig of a roller, as 50, (it might be two, as 60,) the function of 'which is to lay the sides of the material together, as appears by the diagram, Fig. 4. if the contact of the sides of the material is to be effected by straining the material over one surface, as appears by the direction given-it around roller 50 in Fig. 1, the roller may obviously be omitted; but if the material isto continueastraight onward course, the two rollers 50 60 will properly.

confine the two sides and sufiicieiitly crease the fold-line without compressing the sides which latter is objectionable whenfreshly-printedpapcr is operated upon- A suitable number of pulleys one shaft would of course be the equivalent for each of these rollers, and although desirable that the fold-laying device shall rotate, it is perfectly practicable to use a bar or bars for the purpose. It is thereforetobeunderstood that the term foldlaying device whenever used is to mean one or two such rollers,'or theirequivalent pulleys, or one or two stationary tnrn'ing'surfaces. Thefunction of this fold-laying device may befurther explained to be to lay the oppositesides of the material together by stretch ing them respectively from their somewhat wide separation or parallelism where [they leave the external turuer's, 22 44, and the internal guide to a condition of contact when they pass the fold-laying device,between which sets of devices the material (in the embodiment under consideration) is free from contact with .eitheran internal or an external device, and

may therefore adjust itself so as to produce a perfectly-smooth fold in passing the fold-layingdevice.

In the structure shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the conformator or internal guide is shown as constructed from a sheet-metal plate bent into shape. It is thus given a form that produces-Z the angular-converging guiding surfaces or edges 21-41 and the transverse guiding-surface 81, all of which are united by a body-plate, 20,

.that provides a base, 19, at leastas long as the material to be folded is wide. From the guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 the plate is bent at approximately right angles and forms sides 40, the couformator thus affording a continuous bearing-surface widthwisefor the ma: terial up to thepoint where the material passes over the external tumors. The" plate is also extended beyond the guiding surface or edge 81, and its advanced portionis bent downward, as is shown in Fig. 2, so as to form a nose, 75, that is removed from the pathway of the paper, or, in other words. forms a rounded surface that will enable the material to run smoothly over it; but neither this extension nor the provision of the body 20or sides 40 are requisite, as will hereinafter appear, although they form a support on which the material may smoothly lie,and over which it may evenly run, and also protect it from being broken by accidental or other contact of bodies withit. The internal guide may be secured by common means in an appropriate position to receive the material to be folded,"the angle shown being a convenient one, and the external tumors, 22 24, and fold-laying device will be suitably fixedto rotate or not, as the case may be. No frame-work or hearings for them are shown, as that may be readily constructed by an ordinary mechanic.

' For a more convenient nudi'standing of the operation of this folding mechanism the material will be followed in its course throughthe same. .It is spread widthwise overt-he base 19, and'moved forward over the conformatoror internal guide. As its leadingedge' travels onward, the sides A B of the material will be bent over the guiding-edgcs'21 41,and form angular bends drooping beyond them, which angular bends will progressively .increase in extent and in their approach toward each other as their leading edge advances toward the external thrners, 22 44; As the leading edge reaches the said tumors 22 44, the 1118101 portions of the sides of the material,

.diagram, Fig.3, so as to be parallel, which the guiding-edge 81-, and thus constitutes a gether by being passed between the fold-lay- 1 decrease its widthwise extent from the edge considered widthwise, will have traveled remaining to be bent out or distended and added in equal parts as extensions of the parcentral portion,0, has been gradually distendthe adjacent sides (as in 4) in passing from 35- .since the said central portion of the material I is unconfined between said devices it is con.- sequently free to move in all directions, and

.ing surfaces or edges 21 41, united bya bodyed to, and hereinafter explains A longitudinal folder will be best adapted to the threading of the material in'the condition of a long sheet or web by providing it with leading-tapesw2fi 27,.theJatter being a set that extend from the source of supply of the material (it may be the base-line 19) and of the fold-creasing devicb, here:1 nbefore allud toward each other and been diverted from a straight line and conformed, as shown in the parallelisni is the relative position thatthat portion of them will occupy when ultimately lapped or folded, although the sides will" be closetogether, gas.- in .diagram, Fig.4. The central portion,0;of the material'unitingthese parallel portions of thesides is stretched across f comparatively small portion of the material pulley, 28, hung beneath said body 20.

27 and as far as the pulley 28 in contact with allel sides to accomplish the lapping thereof said tape; but from this point said tape26 exand complete the folding operation. I this position the material is carried forward, plate 30 of the tapering guide, and returns and the leading edges of its'sides are laid toing devices 50 00, or bent around one of them. This (see Fig. 5)-causes the parallel portions of the material to converge from their sepadoubled leading edge of the same to the foldrated position at the. external tumors at anlaying devices .60 50, which, if rollers, will gles that unite at the fold-layingdevice, continue the feed; but this tape 26 need not and the said central portion to progressively bear upon the material beyond the guidingedge 81, as is exampled in Fig. 14.

If the, apparatus is to fold long webs, the fold; laying device may be a roller, 50 or 60, or a rigid bar, preferably with rounded edge; but in the use of a single device, of course, a pair of nipping feediugrollers will have to be placed in advance .of the fold-laying device to insure the onward travel of the web. In the case of short sheets it will be desirable to use 81, where it leaves the internal guide, to the fold-creasing point a, where its dimensions are lost. The entiresides A B of the material are, thus lapped together and the longitudinal folding completed. In this operation the said edlor straightened out,so as to lie parallel with t-heinternalguidetothefo layingdevicepmd they will also'operate as feeding devices.

The internal guide in Figs. 6 and 7 is shown as supported byarms 25, that are bolted to cross-bars 31 of a frame-work, and the pulley 28 is shown with a shall; journaled in knees 24, secured to the internal guide. The pulley 29 will be supported in an arm properly secured to. some part of the frame-work in a common manner.

hence may accommodate itself to the taking up of any slackness,and tocompensate for any straining, and thus secure the" formation of a perfect and regular folded line, and, preventing any buckling of the material near such folded line, will therefore enable the sides to lie smoothly together.

In Figs. 6 to 8 the internal guide, having the continuous surface formation constituted by a bent metal plate that provides the guidbeing omitted for clearness of illustration in Fig. 8) is to nip the central portion of the web introduced into the folder, and thus aid in carrying its. leading edge onward, thereby facilitating the operation of threading theap- 'paratns, as well as facilitating its on ward travel during the folding operation.

In practiceit hassometimes been found that the formation of a longitudinal fold by passing a web or sheets over an internal guide, whereby the sides of the sheet .or web are brought together, causes theceutral part of the web or plate, 20, and having side plates 40, is shown as provided with a tapering guide that extends from the external turners, 22 44, to and terminates near the point where the ,two sides of the material are'lapped together in passing over one or between both of the fold-laying devices 50 60. The body-plate 20 and the side plates 40 are continued to form said tapering guides by an elongated top plate, 30, and side plates 70, extending at right anglesth'erefrom. This ta pering guide simply acts to prevent the paper from being distorted, broken, or misdirected by external force-as by accidentalblows orcurreuts of air-and though advantageous in these respects forms no essential part of the devices necessary to perform the folding operation; but its extremity performs the function the guiding or turning edges or surfaces 21 41, to have a tendency to wrinkle, to overcome upper and lower tapes I have provided the internal guide with a centrally-raised surface, 80.. (See Figs. 9, 11, 12.) This raised portion may-be formed bya solid portion of the plate 20, as in said figures; or it may be formed,

over a pulley, 29, to another returning-pulley. (Not shown.) Such tapes, nipping the material between them, will operate to carry the same through. the folder and introduce the The function of the tapes 2? 26 (the latter The upper tape, 26, extends parallel with the tape tends fora dlstance in contact'with" the top sheets,whilestretched in a true plane between which and insure a carryinghold between the 20 their pulleys 28.

to insure a perfect run.

. 36 may be more or less in number, according where the guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 arenot connected by a continuous surface, as 20,

10 it has been found that a number of tapes arranged to support the web at various points of its width greatly facilitate the travel of the web, and where it is printed upon prevents its freshly-printed surfaces from being smirched.

r In Figs. 9, 10, and 12 these under tapes con sist, in part, of a central pair, (marked 27,) which, although duplex, are in effect but a duplication of the tapes 27, shown in the preceding figures and in Figs. 13 and 14, as are Their companion tapes 33 .34 35 36 are arranged at proper points to underlie the web an support it throughout its width, and they run,'respectively, over ulleys 46, 47, 48, and 49, that are journal in 2 5 hangers which depend from the under side of the-plate 20. In connection with these tapes it is desirable to use a pair, 26, (shown in dotted hues in Fig. 9,) running over pulleys 29, and operating, as does the tape 26 in Fig. 6, The tapes 33.34 35 to circu instances.

In Fig. 12 the guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 are shown as formed of a thick body, made 35 continuous with'the. connecting-body 20 by casting. Practically it is preferable to form these guiding-surfaces 21 41 of metal bars,and to make the body 20 of sheet metal. Both may, however, be made of wood, or the for- 0 mer of metal and the latter of wood. Whatever the material may be, the raised portion 80 may be integral with the body 20 or upplied separately, and it should vanish as the guide 81in approached and at its rear end, as

5 shown in Figs. 9 and 11, thus forming abearing that is slightly curved longitudinally.

In Figs. 9 and 10 (and also in the case of the structures shown in Figs. 1 and 12) the top plate or body of the internal guide is shown as terminating just in advance of aline drawn through the centers of the external turners, 22 44, and its extremity or nose should be turned down, as hereinbefore explained.

' The top plate of the tapering'guide or extension between said turners and the fold-forming devices is also omitted, asare the side plates, 40and 70. In place of said side plates, 40 and 70, a number of flat bars, 53 54 55, duplicated -on opposite sides (see Figs. 9, 10, and 12,) are provided. The side bars 53 54' simply steady and prevent displacement of the sides A B of the materiahand the bars 55 form the creasingedgahereinbefore alluded to,but particularly hereinafter explained. These side bars are so- '65 cured to arod, 68, that supports thepulleys 28 and also the forward end of the internal guide, and is attached at its rear end to the frame 69 by means of nuts, as appears in Fig. 10. All of these bars may be omitted, yet they serve, as do the side plates, 40 and 70, to prevent interference with the proper run of the material-to the fold-completing devices 50 60. The front bars, 55, like the side plates 70 and the top plate 30, are inclined outward, as appears in Fig. 10, so as to follow the line assumed by the material asitssides approach each other in the formation of the fold.

' In the folding-of short sheets it is necessary to provide suflicicnt tapes to guide the leadingjedge forward and to compel the sides of each sheet to bend over the guiding-surfaces 21 41, and pass over the inside surface of the external turners, 22 44; and it is now to be remarked that although these outside tapes are alone shown in Figs. 13 and 14, it is to be nnderstood'that they may be applied to any Y of the other constructions of folder herein described, or to any equivalent construction.

It hasbeen intimated that the internal guide is essentially formed of the guiding surfaces or edges 21 41. A practical embodiment of the folder having such an internal guide is shown in Figs. 13 and 14, which will .now be described. These guides consist of bars 21 41, joined together at their converging ends by a head, 51, and supported at their diverging ends by a base bar or rod, 61, which bar or red and the bar orrod 68 are supported from a suitable framework of the machine.

The base 19 of the internal guide finds its equivalent in the pulleys 99. In this embodiment the side bars 55 and sides plates 70 and top plate 30, forming an extension of what has been called the icouformator, have as an equivalent protection device a central plate, 66, that extends from the head 51, and projects angularly forward nearly to the nipping or central point between the fold-laying devices 50 60, and forms a fold-creasing device. It is preferably pivoted, as at 6, in the head 51, it being considerably pressed outward by the spring 7.

Ihe under tapes and their pulleys shown I and described with ieierence to the construction shown in Figs. 6, 7, 9, and 10 areembodied herein, as is shown by the letters of reference repeated in these figures, the pulleys 46, 47, 48, and 49 being shown as mounted in hangers supported by the rod 61. 0f the outside tapes shown, the central one, 26, like its counterpart in the other figures, runs in contact or cooperation with the under tape, 27, and returns 'over a pulley, 29, in this instance mounted in a hanger, 59, adjustably supported on a shaft, 57, (see Fig. 14,) and in this case the rear returning-pulley, 58, is also shown. (See Fig. 13.) The remaining upper tapes, 11 13, are'arranged as follows: The tapes 11, duplicated on opposite sides of the center, respectively co-Operating with the tapes 33 36, (see Figs. 9, 10, and 12,) run from pulleys 15, pass over pulleys 99, from which they are stretched in contact with the said tapes 33 36, run over the 44, an returning around the fold laying or completing devices 60 50, pass over pulleys 71 and 72 to the pulleys 15. The tapes 13, in like manner duplicated on opposite sides of e the center, respectively co-operating with the tapes 34 35, run from pulleys .16, pass over pnlleys 99, from which they are stretched in conlact with the said tapes'34 35, run over the guiding-edges 2141, over the external tnrners 22 44, and return over the fold-completing devices 60 50, and pass over the pulleys 73 74 to the pulleys16.

: the folder, or by running in a groove in the With any one of thestructures of this folder there may be combined a. slitter, 175. (See Figs. 10 and 14.) It is preferably mounted in an adjustable arm extending from the rod 67, but may be hung in any approved manner, so as to slit the material when partially folded, beingmade to cut upon a bearing-surface upon folder, as may be preferred.

The creasing device, which has hereinbefore been spoken of as constituted by the plates 70, united by a top 7, and 8, by the plates 55, as in Figs. 9, 10, and 12, and by the elastically-seated plate 66, as in Figs. 13 and 14, simply extends its forward end to the place where the fold a should be regularly formed, and, especially with two. or

more plies of material, is useful not only to aid the formation of such fold,

but by the upper edge of its body operating to prevent the central portion, 0, of the material from sagging down,and thus inducing wrinkling. Any of these forms or a structure performing equivalent functions will be embraced by this branch of the improvements.

It has been said that the angular guidingedges 21 41 are essentials, and it has been stated that the guiding'edge 81- of the internal guide forms a bearing-surface upon which the central portion, 0, ofthe material rests for a support as it leaves the internal guide. This guiding-edge 81 is especially useful, and while it is to be remarlred thatit may be a straight line or slightly curved, it is to be observed that it may be omitted without affecting the efliciency of the folder. Thus, instead of the internal guide being constructed so as to provide this guide at or neara line drawn throughthe centers of the turners 22 44, its surface may be depressed or cut away at that point, and the last bearing of the central portion, G,

.of the material be found on some line, either straight or curved, and positioned some distance to the rear of saidturners', or in the case of the structure of the guiding-edges 21 41, (shown in Fig. 13,) be constituted solely by the support they aflord,when extended to have contact with the material up to the point where the major port-ion of itssides A B naturally leaves them in being stretched over the external turners, 22 44.

Variations of the angular relation of the fold-laying device with respect to the internal guide may be made and the present inventions guiding-edges 21 41, over external turners, 22

plate, 30, as in Figs. 6,,

be involved-such, for instance, as are contaiuedin the following United States Letters Patent, viz: No." 233,997, dated November 2, 1,880; No. 240,235, dated April 19, 1881; No. 259,979, dated June 20, 1882, and No. 276,672, dated May 1, 1883.

The angularguidingsurfaces or edges 21 41 may sometimes be omitted when handling paper or cloth in the web, but in that case the guiding-edge 81 will be retained. In some instances the turners 22 44 may-vary from parallelism-and occupy coequal angles of divergence from a central line.

The spring-seated fold-creasing device may be combined with any of the forms of longitudinal folders illustrated in the aforesaid patents.

In all of theforms shown and described the external turners, 22 44, and the fold completing or laying de'yices 50 60, are ,shown 'as arranged in a horizontal position, and the turning or guiding edges 21 41 as arranged at an angle of about fortysfive degrees thereto, and this is the preferredarrangement. The external turners and the fold-completing'de. vice may, however, be arranged in .a diflerent position, and the angle of the guiding-edges of the internal guide may be varied widely without departing from the invention.

What I claim is- 1. A longitudinal folder consisting of an internal guide, two'external turners set a distance apart, and a fold-laying device, substantially as described.

2. -In a longitudinal folder, the combination, with an internal guide, of two external turuers set a distance apart, whereby the major portions of the sides of the material, considered widthwise, are brought into parallel positions, but not into contact,substaniially as described.

3. A longitudinal folder-consisting of an internal guide having converging guiding turners set a distance apart, and a fold-laying device, substantially as described.

4. In a longitudinal folder, the combination, with an internal guide having converging guiding edges or surfaces that'do not meet, of co-operating external turners set a distance apart,whereby the major portions of the sides of the material, considered widthwise, are brought into parallel positions, substantially as described.

5. A longitudinal folder consisting of an internal guide having converging guiding edges or surfaces that do not meet and a guiding-surface, as 81, connecting the same, external turners, and a substantially as described.

6. In alongitudinal folder, the combination, with an internal guide having two converging guiding edges or surfaces that do not meet and a guiding-surface, as 81, connecting the same, of external turners,- whereby the major portions of the sides of the material, considered widthwise, are brought into and supedges or surfaces which do not'meet, external fold Jaying device,

as described. 7

7. In a longitudinal folder, the combination, with external turners set a distance apart,

and by which the major portions of the sides of the material, considered widthwise, are.

brought into and supported in parallel positions, but not in contact, of a cross-support, as 81, between said turners for the central portion of the material, and a fold-laying device for distending the central portion of the material and bringing the sides into contact to complete the folding, substantially as described.

8. The combination, with external turners set a distance apart, of a fold-laying device and a fold-crcasing device, substantially as described.

9. The combination, with an internal guide and external turners operating to support the major portions of the sides of the material, considered Widthwise, in parallel positions, but not in contact, of a fold-laying device operating to bring said sides together, and a fold-creasing device for distending the central portion of the material and aiding the formation of the fold-line, substantially as described.

10. The combination, with an internal guide having converging guiding surfacesor edges and a guiding surface or edge, as 81, connecting the same, of external turners, a fold-laying device, and a fold-creasing device, substantially as described.

' 11. A longitudinal folder consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the converg ing guiding edges or surfaces 2141 and a supporting-body, 20, of external turners, 22, 44, set a distance apart, substantially as described.

12. A longitudinal folder consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the converging guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 and supporting-sides 40,'of external turners, 22 44, set

a distance apart, substantially as described.

13. A longitudinal folder consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the converging guiding edges or surfaces 21 41, supporting-body 20, and sides 40, of external turners,

22 44, set a distance apart, substantially as described.

14. A longitudinal. folder consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the guiding edges or surfaces 21 4181 and a supportingbody, 20, of external turners, 22 44, substantially as described.

15. A longitudinal folder consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 81 and supporting sides 40, of external turners, 22 44, substan: tially as described.

16. A longitudinal folder, consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed ported in parallel positions and the central of a sheet or plate that provides the guiding portion at right angles thereto, substantially edges or surfaces 21 41 81,21. supporting-body, 20, and sides '40, of external turners, 22 44, substantially as described.

17. A longitudinal folder consisting of the- 18. A longitudinal folder consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the converging guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 and supporting-sides 40, of external turners, 22 44, and a fold-laying device, substantially as de scribed.

19. A longitudinal folder consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the converging guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 and supporting body 20 and sides 40, of external turners, 22 44, and a fold-laying device, substantially as described.

20. A longitudinal folder consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 81 and a supportingbody, 20, of external turners, 22 44, and a fold laying device, substantially as described.

21. A longitudinal folder consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 81 and supportingsides 40, of external turners, 22 44, and a foldlaying device, substantially as described.

22. A longitudinal folder consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 81, a supporting-body,

20, and sides 40, of external turners, 22 44, and a fold-laying device, substantially as described.

23. A longitudinal folder. consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the converging guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 and a supporting-body, 20, of external turners, 22 44, and a fold-creaser, substantially as described.

24. vA longitudinal folder consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a slieetor. plate that provides the converging guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 and supporting-sides 40, .of external turners, 22 44, and a fold-creaser, substantially as described.

25. A longitudinal folder consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the converging guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 and supporting-body 20 and sides 40, of external turners, 22 44, and a fold-creaser, substantially as described.

26. A longitudinal folder consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 81 and a supportingbody, 20, of external turners, 22 44, and a foldcreaser, substantially as described.

27. A longitudinal folder consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the guidingedges or surfaces 21 41 81 and supportingsides 40, of external turners, 22 44, and a foldcreaser, substantially as described.

28. A longitudinal folder consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 81, a supporting-body, 20, and sides 40, of external turners, 22 44, and a fold-creaser, substantially as described.

29. A longitudinal folder consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the converging guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 and a supporting-body, 20,0f external turners,22 44, and a fold-laying device and a fold-creaser, substantially as described.

30. A longitudinal folder consisting of the combination, With an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the converging guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 and supporting-sides 40, of external turners, 22 44, and a fold-laying device and fold creaser, substantially as described.

31. A longitudinal folder consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the converging guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 and supporting-body 20 and sides 40, of external turners, 22 44, and a fold-laying device and fold-creaser, substantially as described.

32. A longitudinal folder consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 81 and a supportingbody, 20, of external turners,22 44, and a fold- ]aying device and fold-creaser,substantially as described.

33. A longitudinal folder consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 81 and supporting-sides 40, of externalturners, 22 44, and a fold-laying device and fold-creaser, substantially as described.

34. A longitudinal folder consisting of the combination, with an internal guide composed of a sheet or plate that provides the guiding edges or surfaces 21 41 81,a supporting-body, 20, and sides 40, of a fold-laying device and fold-creaser, substantially as descrbed.

35. The combination, with a longitudinal folder consisting of an internal guide, external turners, and a fold-laying device, of a spring-seated fold-creasing device, substantially as described.

36. The combination,with the internal guide having the converging guiding surfaces or edges 21 41 and external turners seta distance apart, of the body-tapes 33 34 35 36 and 11 13, substantially as described.

37. The combination,with theinternal guide having the converging guiding surfaces or edges 21 41 and external turners set a distance apart, of the tapes 26 27, substantially as described.

38. The combination,with the internal guide having the converging guiding surfaces or edges 21 41 and external turners set a distance apart, of the tapes 26 27 33 34 35 36 and 11 13, substantially as described.

39. The combination,with the internal guide having the converging guiding surfaces or edges 21 41 and external turners set a distance apart, of the slitter 175, substantially as described.

40. The combination,with external turners, of an internal guide having a raised surface, 80, or its equivalent raised tapes, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LUTHER O. OROl/VELL.

WVitnesses:

T. H. PALMER, J. A. HovEY. 

